Geophysical Methods
Different techniques, such as seismic, electrical, electromagnetic, potential and GPR methods are used for the study of the underground.
Seismic methods
Seismic methods are based on the study of the propagation of elastic waves in the media. The seismic signal, which can be generated artificially (hammer, drop weights,...) or natural (seismic passive), is registered by sensors (geophones) distributed appropriately in the field.
Electrical methods
The electric methods in continuous current (geoelectrical) are based on the study of the spread of the electrical signal in the media. Geoelectrical methods have developed multitude of devices (Schlumberger, Wenner, dipolo-dipolo, pole-dipole...).
Ground Penetrating Radar GPR
The geophysical method of GPR (Ground Penetrating Radar) studies the reflections of electromagnetic signals produced by a transmitter antenna and collected by another antenna, in this case the signal receiver, located in a mobile, lightweight and easy-to-use device.
Potential methods
Potential methods include techniques that employ potential fields in the study of the subsurface, such as gravimetric or magnetic.
Electromagnetic methods
Electromagnetic methods or electrical methods in alternating current AC are based on the study of the subsurface through changes in the electrical and magnetic properties of the materials.